ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the current situation of occurrence of social isolation in maintenance hemodialysis patients and analyze its influencing factors, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of targeted interventions.Methods:The study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 315 dialysis patients in three hemodialysis centers in Xinjiang were selected by simple sampling method from October 2021 to March 2022, who were investigated using the general information questionnaire, Lubben-6 social network scale, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (sedentary behavior section), Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item scale (PHQ-9) and Frail Scale. Univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors affecting the social isolation of dialysis patients.Results:Social isolation was present in 28.89% (91/315) of maintenance hemodialysis patients, and binary Logistic regression analysis revealed that age (45-59 years old: OR=4.815, 95% CI 1.362-17.017;≥60 years old: OR=8.968, 95% CI 2.349-34.236), dialysis age ( OR=2.788, 95% CI 1.334-5.826), sedentary behavior ( OR=2.504, 95% CI 1.406-4.461), depression ( OR=2.095, 95% CI 1.179-3.722), and debilitation ( OR=2.043, 95% CI=1.062-3.933) were influencing factors of social isolation in maintenance hemodialysis patients (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The occurrence of social isolation in maintenance hemodialysis patients was closely associated with advanced age, high dialysis age, sedentary behavior, debilitation, and depressive status, suggesting that medical staff in hemodialysis centers can implement targeted interventions to prevent or improve the level of social isolation in patients based on relevant influencing factors.
ABSTRACT
Introdução: A doença renal crônica (DRC) interfere diretamente na capacidade funcional, na independência e, consequentemente, na qualidade de vida (QV). Objetivo: Comparar a capacidade funcional e a qualidade de vida de doentes renais crônicos em hemodiálise (G1) e pré-dialíticos (G2). Métodos: Estudo transversal descritivo, 54 pacientes com DRC, 27 do G1 (58,15 ± 10,84 anos) e 27 do G2 (62,04 ± 16,56 anos). Verificaramse os fatores de risco cardiovasculares, medidas antropométricas, força muscular respiratória verificada por meio da pressão inspiratória (PImax) e expiratória (PEmax) máximas, teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6'), teste cardiopulmonar de exercício, teste de sentar e levantar de um minuto (TSL1') e o Short-Form Questionary (SF-36) para avaliar a QV. Os pacientes apresentavam estadiamento da doença entre 2 a 5. Realizou-se o teste de normalidade Kolmogorov-Smirnov e utilizou-se o teste t (Student) ou o teste U (Mann Whitney) para a comparação das médias das variáveis quantitativas e o teste de Quiquadrado de Pearson e exato de Fischer para as variáveis qualitativas. Para identificar as correlações, foi utilizado o teste de Pearson ou de Spearman. Resultados: Não foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre G1 e G2, no VO2pico (p = 0,259), no TC6' (p = 0,433), na PImax (p = 0,158) e somente foi encontrada diferença na PEmax (p = 0,024) para G1. Os escores do questionário SF-36 mostram em ambos os grupos um pior estado de saúde evidenciada pela pontuação baixa nos escores de QV. Conclusão: Os pacientes com DRC apresentaram reduzida capacidade funcional e QV, sendo que a hemodiálise não demonstrou estatisticamente ter repercussão negativa quando comparados com os pacientes pré-dialíticos. .
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) infers directly in functional capacity, independence and therefore quality of life (QOL). Objective: To compare the physical fitness and quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease submitted on hemodialysis (G1) and predialysis treatment (G2). Methods: A cross-sectional study, 54 patients with CKD, 27 of the G1 group (58.15 ± 10.84 years), 27 of G2 group (62.04 ± 16.56 years). There were cardiovascular risk factors, anthropometric measurements, respiratory muscle strength was measured by the inspiratory pressure (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) maximum measured in the manometer, six-minute walk (TC6'), cardiopulmonary exercise test, sit and stand one minute test (TSL1') and the Short-Form Questionary (SF-36) to assess QOL. The patients presented disease of stage between 2 and 5. It was applied the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test and used the t (Student) test or the U (Mann Whitney) test to compare the means of quantitative variables and the chi-square Pearson test and Fisher's exact test for qualitative variables. Pearson's or Spearman's test was used to identify correlations. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between G1 and G2 in VO2peak (p = 0,259) in TC6' (p = 0,433) in the MIPmáx (p = 0,158) and found only in the MEPmáx (p = 0,024) to G1. The scores of the SF-36 in both groups showed a worse health status as evidenced by the low score in scores for QOL. Conclusion: Patients with CKD had reduced functional capacity and QOL, and hemodialysis, statistically, didn't have showed negative repercussions when compared with pre-dialysis patients. .